Parasites in the human body

Human parasites are parasites, whose infection is subject to a person. The general definition of the word "parasite" applies not only to the multicellular and protozoa, living at the expense of their owner and to the detriment of the latter, but also to viruses, bacteria and fungi with similar qualities. According to historical tradition and from the point of view of medical parasitology, it is usual to call all creatures leading a parasitic lifestyle, with the exception of viruses and bacteria with similar qualities.Parasites in the bodyParasites include many helminthes, fungi, viruses, protozoa, verse, crustaceans, spider insects. PARASIME owners can be bacteria, the simplest, plants, animals and humans. The parasites undergo a complex development cycle: sometimes they need a change of 2-3 owners whose body is intermediate (the helminths pass the larval stages) or the final (the helminths become invasive).

Of history:The study of parasites in ancient people is based on the study of excrement and other petrified materials. The first parasites found in humans were the eggs of the Paragonimus Westermani in northern Chile, discovered in the hardened excrement and dated about 5900 BC. e. In Brazil, ankylostomic eggs of 5000 BC were also found. e. , in Peru - nematodes eggs of 2330 BC. e. And Egyptian mummies dating from 2000, 1250 and 1000 years. BC. e. They contained a lonely egg, as well as a well -preserved female worm. In Berlin, for the period 1866-1875. 16% of all open corpses contained verses. The tapered bulls (Taeniaarhynchus saginatus) were particularly widespread where raw cattle was consumed. In Saint Petersburg, according to Kessler, 3, 66% of the people studied by him suffered from this parasite (1888). The pork tekenia (Taenia solium) is located everywhere in areas where they eat raw or semi-raw pork. In Saint Petersburg at the end of the 19th century, around 3% of the population suffered from this parasite. When they started to avoid the use of raw meat, the percentage of diseases has decreased extremely, for example, in Denmark from 53% to 20% for 10-12 years. Dypilidium caninum lives in the intestines of dogs and cats, and rarely in the intestines of children. Cases of children's infection at the end of the 19th century were known in England, Germany, Denmark: the infection occurs exclusively when the fleas swallowed. Parasites and their release(The products of their life) are the strongest poisons for the human body. They cause severe acidification and thickening of blood and the entire internal environment. They cause the most serious health problems. From bronchitis to oncology. Destroy a person's psyche, deprived of peace and sleep. In the child's body, parasites prevent the normal development of the child's nervous system and, with a long current illness, contribute to mental and physical delay.

ClassificationBy distribution:GeogelmintosisUbiquette - Meet everywhere.Tropical - distributed in tropical climatic areas.On biological and epidemiological characteristics:Geohelminthes are a disease in which helminths develop first in the human body, then on a non -alive substrate, more often on earth.Biohelminthes are a disease in which a biological cycle of Helminthe development must take place in the body of other living beings, with the exception of a person. To distinguish the finale owners, in the body whose helminths develop at the sexually mature stage, as well as the helminths, where the parasite is at the stage of the larva or its reproduction is not sexually. A person is more often the final owner, less often - intermediate.Contact helminthiasis is a disease in which parasites are distinguished from the almost mature mature human body, following which the infection of another person is possible or a reinfection of himself (self-invasion, reinvasion). Depending on the location of the parasite in the body:Lights - living in the intestines and other cavities of a person (for example, ascarids, ribbons).Fabric - Living in fabrics (sistematis, Ehinokokkoz).In place of the stay on the owner:External: mosquitoes, blind, leeches, lice.Internal(Helminthias):Roundwall(NEMATODS - ASCARIDS, FILARIA, VLASOV, PINWORMS, STRUNGYLOIDS, ANTYLOSTOMIDAE, TRICHINELLA);Flat verse: :Trematodes (Saucers - Cat Bickelter (Opisthorchis), Cloner, Fasciola, Schistosomes);Cestodes (lines of the ribbon - bull and pork tebouche, dwarf tan, wide ribbon, echinococcus).Bacteriosis(Leptospira, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Shigella).Protosic(Amobas, Giardia, Trichomonas, often owners of chlamydia and AIDS virus).Yeast(Fungal diseases) - Candida, Cryptococcus, Penicillium.Ways of infection by helmets

How do parasites enter the body?Parasitism can be infected not only by dirty hands. Animal hairs are a wearer (Asscaride and Toxocara), Lamblia. The pine worms that fell from wool remain a viability up to 6 months and through dust, toys, carpets, underwear and bedding and hands fall into the food tract. A dog by damp breathing disperses the eggs at a distance of 5 meters (cat - up to 3 meters). Dog fleas also tolerate verse eggs. Askarid eggs enter the body through poorly washed vegetables, fruits, berries, green vegetables, dirty hands and are also distributed in flies. And a barbecue wrongly incorrectly cooked or a house in the house is the path of infection by trichinellosis; Badly salty fish, caviar - opisthorchiasis and adhesive tape. There are therefore several ways to enter the body:Food (through infected foods, water, dirty hands);Contact-household (through household items, infected family members, pets);Transmitted (through blood insects);Percutaneous or active (in which the larva penetrates through the skin or mucous membranes during contact with infected soil, during bath in open tanks).

Parasitic symptomsIt is not at all necessary that the infection manifests itself in a way at all. Sometimes a person feels healthy, despite the invasion, thanks to strong immunity. An individual time, it will be in good health. Then, consequently, the extinction of immunity (a rupture can occur at any time, stress, surgery, illness) - parasitic calm signals always begin to serve. It is a urine with an odor, acne on the skin, tenacious cough with clean lungs, unstable stools with a spicy smell or constipation, gas formation, an unpleasant odor of the mouth. The most specific manifestation of the presence of helminths in the body is bruxism (nocturnal nose of teeth). Nocturnal salivation, usual nausea, perversion of the appetite for night hunger, unsure hunger, dependence on sweet and acidic foods and air boats. Children have a decrease in appetite or electoral appetite. Sometimes people with an increase in appetite are found, but at the same time they lose weight.

General signs of parasitic invasionsConstipation, stagnation of bileAllergySome verses, because of their shape and large sizes, can mechanically close the light of the intestines, the channels of the biliary tract, which leads to a deterioration of peristalism, the formation of constipation, complete or partial intestinal obstruction. The invasion of the Hlybon can cause the blocking of the common biliary canal, which leads to difficulties in the flow of biliary and mechanical beer.DiarrheaA certain number of parasites, in particular protozoa, produce substances similar to prostaglandins, which lead to the loss of sodium and chlorides, which, in turn, causes diarrhea diarrhea - frequent aqueous stools.Gastric and intestinal syndromeParasites living in the upper intestine cause inflammation and cause intestines, bloating. This leads to a decrease in the absorption of nutrients. Consequently, the fats that should be absorbed in the small intestine fall into the colon, causing cramps, alternating constipation and diarrhea.Joint pain and musclesParasites can move around the human body in order to settle in the most practical places, for example, in the joint fluid and in the muscles. The placement of the tissues is the result of an injury to their parasites or from the body's immune response to their presence. At the same time, a person feels muscle and joint pain. AllergyParasites can disrupt the normal permeability of the intestinal mucosa, which increases the risk of penetrating large particles of unatalized food. This activates the body's immune response - the level of eosinophiles - the protective blood cells of our body, which contribute to the development of allergic reactions, increases. Parasites cause increased production by the body of immunoglobulin E, which improves allergic reactions.Skin problemIntestinal parasites can cause allergic skin reactions - atopic dermatitis, hives, eczema. Most often, inflammatory changes on the skin can be the result of the presence of microorganisms of protozoa (lamblia, fungi) and opisthorchis.Modification of body weightWeight fluctuations (both more than normal and less) can be the result of a parasitic disease. The reduction in weight is due to the fact that digestion is altered in the body, because there is an "internal consumer". Obesity is also a consequence of the "flight" of the human body with a Helminthic invasion. The feeling of hunger occurs with a sharp drop in blood sugar due to the activity of helminths, their toxic effects on the body. AnemiaMany types of intestinal helminthes are attached to the intestinal wall, damaging it, causing sufficiently greater blood loss, which causes anemia.Nervousness, sleep disturbancesThe toxic substances of the vital activity of parasites irritate the central nervous system, causing increased anxiety and nervousness. A frequent alarm clock in the middle of the night, especially between 2 and 3 hours, is also the result of attempted body to get rid of toxic substances through the liver."Chronic fatigue syndrome""Chronic fatigue syndrome" includes weakness, reduction without surety and a fever, emotional instability, loss of concentration and poor memory. These symptoms can be the result of anemia, intoxication, a lack of nutrients in the body caused by parasites.After discovering the members of your family from several symptoms, undergo diagnoses on parasitism and carried out a preventive department of department.Laboratory diagnosis

DiagnosisRecently, the presence of parasites was only determined by the duodenal survey method and the excrement tests using microscopic studies, the aim of which is to detect selected helminths or their fragments, eggs and larvae. The eggs and parasitic helminthes larvae in the liver, the bile ducts, the pancreas and the duodenum were found in the content of the bile and the duodenal; On the intestinal forms of Helminthias, they examined the excrement samples; In case of paragonimoz suspicion, expectorations have been studied and urine - urine on genitorerinary chistosomosis. But the reliability of these studies depends on the professionalism of employees - if the laboratory assistant will notice the microscopic examination of parasites. In addition, if the parasite has not postponed the eggs when the check is made, its presence will be unnoticed, even with high qualifications of the laboratory assistant. Often, it is only with 8 to 10 attempts that you can get a positive result. Today, there are immunological studies that allow you to determine in the blood of an infected person the presence of antigens and antibodies against parasites of different kinds. The reliability of these analyzes depends on the life cycle of parasites and their quantity in the body.Children are children most vulnerable to the effects of parasites. They are infected with various types of parasites through dirty hands, sand, soil and water. Sometimes, child infection can occur in intrauterine, because the simplest larvae, bacteria, viruses, candida and helminths can penetrate the fetus through the placenta with blood flow, as well as when the birth channel is born.Do not risk the health of your children, organize preventive department courses.